What does the Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure?

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures changes in the price level of a specific basket of consumer goods and services over time. This index is designed to reflect the average change in prices that urban consumers pay for a comprehensive set of items, including food, clothing, housing, transportation, and healthcare. The CPI is a crucial economic indicator used to assess inflation or deflation in the economy, as it reflects how the purchasing power of consumers is affected by price changes.

By tracking these price changes, the CPI provides insights into the cost of living and helps policymakers and economists make informed decisions regarding monetary policy, wages, and social security adjustments. It serves as a key tool for understanding economic health and consumer behavior, making option B the correct response.